a sufficient distance. In other cases, the NATM is used to create a preliminary lining as the TBM progresses. Especially in cases where two TBMs dig toward each other from opposite ends of a tunnel, it may be too difficult or expensive to remove them when the digging is completed. As it n
A tunnel is an underground passageway, dug through the surrounding soil/earth/rock and enclosed except for entrance and exit, commonly at each end. A pipeline is not a tunnel, though some recent tunnels have used immersed tube construction techniques rather than traditional tunnel boring methods.
Practical Tunnel Construction [Gary B. Hemphill] on . *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. The only modern guide to all aspects of practical tunnelconstruction Practical Tunnel Construction</i> fills a void in theliterature for a practical guide to tunnel construction.
